Abstract: To improve the interior air quality of rail transit vehicle, the damping coating and acrylic wall putty commonly used on passenger compartment are taken as specimens to conduct adsorption and desorption effect tests. The TVOC (total volatile organic compounds) mass concentration in the test chamber is monitored and recorded in real time to analyze the damping coating adsorption effect of TVOC in the environmental chamber. For the damping coating that has absorbed TVOC, the desorption effects at different ventilation volumes and under different temperatures are studied. Research results show that damping coating has strong adsorption effect of TVOC; when the desorption is carried out on the damping coating that has absorbed TVOC, the higher the ventilation volume and the desorption temperature, the better the desorption effect.