Abstract: Objective: With the rapid development and continuous improvement of highspeed train operation speed in China, the braking system of highspeed trains is also facing higher requirements. Linear EC (eddy current) brake, characterized by its independence of wheelrail adhesion, absence of wear, and smooth braking force, holds great potential for application in the next generation highspeed trains in China. Therefore, the linear EC brake influencing parameters are explored and their characteristics are analyzed. Method: The main influencing parameters of linear EC brake are determined based on calculation formula derived from electromagnetic theory, including train speed, excitation current, and air gap. Finite element simulation method is employed to investigate the effects of different speeds, excitation currents, and air gaps on braking force and vertical electromagnetic suction force. Result & Conclusion: Simulation results show that under different braking conditions, the EC braking force can maintain a relatively stable characteristic within the studied speed range, while the vertical suction force decreases as the speed increases. Both braking force and suction force increase with the larger excitation current and smaller air gap, while demonstrating a higher sensitivity to changes in excitation current and air gap at lower train speeds. Within the studied range, the excitation current has a greater impact on braking force than the air gap does, suggesting that it is more suitable to control the EC braking force through excitation current adjustment.