Abstract: Objective: To improve braking system performance, the factors influencing the braking efficiency of MLM (mediumlow speed maglev) train basic brake device are studied. Method: The basic brake device with a zerogap adjustment mechanism used in MLM trains is taken as the research object. The influencing factors over braking output efficiency are analyzed theoretically and verified through experiments. Result & Conclusion: The lower the air pressure, the lower the braking efficiency and the greater the wear amount of brake shoes/brake pads, especially when the air pressure falls below a certain level, the reduction in braking efficiency becomes more pronounced. As the air pressure decreases, the wear of brake shoes/brake pads has a greater impact on braking efficiency, resulting in greater discreteness of braking force under the same amount of wear. In the design of basic brake device, it is necessary to select appropriate spring parameters, brake pedal ratio, friction coefficient, and wear amount of brake shoes/brake pads, while minimizing the effects of air pressure and brake shoe/pad wear amount on braking efficiency. In the design of braking system, it is important to consider the characteristics of the basic brake device and set the braking pressure for each braking level appropriately, aiming to minimize the influence of air pressure and brake shoe/pad wear on braking efficiency.