Abstract: Objective: To align the construction of overtaking stations with the ′peoplecentered′ design concept and ensure the operation flexibility, it is necessary to select appropriate overtaking station types. Therefore, it is essential to research and explore the merits and shortcomings of various overtaking stations in terms of engineering investment and operation. Method: Commonly adopted overtaking station types are summarized, and a combined qualitative and quantitative analysis approach is employed to thoroughly investigate their strengths, weaknesses, and applicability in terms of engineering investment, operational efficiency, and operation characteristics. Result & Conclusion: On mixedoperation lines where the number of local trains exceeds that of express trains, the doubleside fourtrack scheme and the singleisland fourtrack scheme have certain advantages in terms of engineering investment and express train operational efficiency improvement. However, the above schemes have a greater impact on local train operational efficiency and are not conducive to flexible operation organization. Therefore, in the station type selection, it is important to consider not only reducing engineering investment and improving fast train operational efficiency， but also minimizing the impact on local train passengers and creating conditions for flexible operation. It is recommended to adopt doubleisland fourtrack station type preferentially for elevated overtaking stations. For underground overtaking stations with parking line function, the use of doubleisland fourtrack scheme is also favorable to ensure the operation flexibility.