Abstract: Metro trains running on elevated sections in mountainous cities are susceptible to gusty wind, resulting in poor train operation stability. Therefore, studying the factors influencing train operation stability under gusty wind action is of significant practical importance. Method: A vehiclebridge coupled vibration analysis model is established using Simpack software. The impacts on train operation stability are analyzed from 4 aspects of gusty wind existence, bridge pier height, windward condition, and installation of wind barrier. Result & Conclusion: (1) Under gusty wind action, bridge sections with higher piers are more prone to excite lateral vibrations of vehicles and the bridge system than those with lower piers. Compared to the leeward side, the vehicle dynamics response on the windward side is slightly greater. Choosing windward side and high pier section for vehicle operation can make the calculation threshold more conservative, conducive to safety assessment. Therefore, the above working condition for vehicle operation is selected, making the calculated threshold values for dynamics response stability indicators conservative and facilitating safety assessment. (2) The implementation of wind barrier measures significantly improves the vehicle dynamics response, and all evaluated indicators for dynamics response remain within the limits. Without wind barriers, the wind speed thresholds affecting the vehicle lateral acceleration, the vehicle vertical acceleration, the wheel load reduction rate, and the overturning coefficient are 21 m/s, 24 m/s, 20 m/s, and 24 m/s, respectively.