Abstract: Objective: In order to ensure the safety of highspeed railway power supply, it is necessary to conduct realtime monitoring of the through line cable operation status for highspeed railways. Temperature is an important indicator for the safe operation of cables, and studying the temperature rise effects in the continuous through line cable is necessary for accurately assessing its operational status. Method: Finite element analysis method is used to simulate and calculate the temperature rise effects in the continuous through line cables under normal and fault conditions. The influence of external factors such as atmospheric pressure, ambient temperature, solar radiation, and installation conditions on the temperature rise effects of the cables is analyzed. The aforementioned effects are investigated under typical fault conditions such as singlephase grounding, interphase shortcircuit, insulation arc breakdown, poor cable head contact, and introduction of traction return current through the metal shielding layer. Temperature rise tests are conducted to validate the simulation results, including tests on the temperature rise of cable metal shielding layer under circulating fault current or under different cable installation methods. Results＆Conclusion: Atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature have little impact on the temperature rise of cables, while solar radiation increases the temperature rise. The temperature rise of cables installed in direct burial mode is significantly higher than those installed submerged in water. Except for the cable metal shielding layer in the case of singlephase grounding fault, noticeable temperature rises are observed in the cable metal shielding layer under other fault conditions.