Abstract: Objective: In order to grasp the changes of passenger flow in urban rail transit stations and respond in a timely manner to potential high passenger flow risks, it is necessary to adjust the passenger flow organization based on rapid simulation and deduction of passenger flow situation. Method: A system framework of rapid passenger flow deduction and decision assistance are constructed based on real\|time passenger flow data and historical passenger flow data. The technique diagram of deduction and adjustment of passenger flow and an evaluation method of deduction efficiency are also proposed. Based on the jump\|point algorithm for fast pathfinding, a multi\|threaded parallel computing method for rapid simulation of large\|scale crowds, and a graphical reproduction technology for displaying and analyzing the evolution process of the situation，by quickly obtaining and processing the passenger flow data, the deduction scenarios and deduction algorithms are generated, aiming to improve the efficiency and effective of passenger flow situation deduction and organization adjustment. The feasibility and effectiveness of the rapid simulation and deduction method of passenger flow situation are verified during the workday morning peak period of Yangsi Station on Shanghai Metro Line 8. Result &Conclusion: The proposed method has reached Level\|3 of station passenger flow deducing technology mentioned in this paper, which can efficiently complete the short\|term passenger flow situation deduction with a time granularity of 10-15 minutes at the station, providing decision\|making for the adjustment of the station passenger flow organization scheme.