Abstract: ［Objective］ To shorten the safety protection distances and enhance train operational efficiency, a safety protection method based on segmental energy calculation method is proposed. ［Method］ Starting from the phase division of the train emergency braking process, the method and calculation process for train overspeed protection are expounded in depth. Using relevant data from practical cases and considering train speed and track conditions, the segmental energy calculation method is employed to compute the train safe braking distance. The results are compared with those calculated by fixed deceleration method. ［Result & Conclusion］ The segmental energy calculation method significantly reduces braking distance, thereby shortening the train safety protection distance, and improving operational efficiency significantly.