Abstract: Objective With the continued development of urban rail transit networks and the advancement of four-network integration（mainline railways, intercity railways, suburban railways, urban rail transit）, situations are increasingly common where stations on different lines are in close proximity but with no connected payment-zones. However, current research on implementing the out-of-station interchange remains limited. It is aimed to provide technical references and insights for decision-making regarding out-of-station interchange implementation through case analysis. Method Case studies of out-of-station interchange station pairs are collected from Tokyo and London metropolitan areas, as well as major cities in China. Relevant information such as the distances between stations and operating entities is statistically analyzed, and successful practices in implementing out-of-station interchange at case stations are summarized. Result ＆ Conclusion For potential out-of-station interchange station pairs within urban rail networks, the recommended inter-station distance threshold is 500 meters. For those involving city-scale rail transit systems, the threshold is 1 000 meters. Adjustments may be made based on station density, the existence of nearby indoor interchange places between two lines, and vertical distance. The decision to implement out-of-station interchange should primarily consider network hierarchy and existence of nearby indoor interchange places. During decision-making of specific setting, a quantitative assessment is still necessary to evaluate the impact of implementing such interchange on passenger route choices and network cost-effectiveness.