Abstract: ［Objective］ The problem of rail transit noise radiation has become increasingly serious. In order to improve the level of rail transit environmental noise prediction and control, it is necessary to explore the key contents of current rail transit environmental noise prediction and control standards in China. ［Method］ China′s current rail transit environmental noise prediction and control standards are systematically reviewed, and a comparative study is conducted from three aspects: rail transit noise source intensity, rail transit noise prediction, and sound barrier noise control. Test and prediction methods for vehicle noise source intensity, prediction methods for rail transit environmental noise radiation, and noise control methods based on sound barrier measures in different standards are thoroughly studied. ［Result & Conclusion］ For noise source intensity measurement, it is recommended to comprehensively consider the HJ 453—2018 and GB/T 5111—2024 standards. For noise prediction, it is recommended to follow the HJ 2.4—2021 standard; for the calculation of the acoustic performance and noise reduction effect of sound barriers, it is recommended to refer to the HJ/T 90—2004 standard, and supplemented by the TB/T 3122—2019 and GB/T 19884—2005 standards.