Objective Focusing on the strategic significance and practical paths for the integrated development of the low-altitude economy and urban rail transit, their complementary advantages in spatial resources, passenger and logistics flows, infrastructure, and management experience are systemically analyzed, aiming to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the reconstruction and high-quality development of urban transportation systems.

Method A multi-method integrated research paradigm is adopted. Through literature analysis and theoretical induction, the research context of the integration of low-altitude economy and rail transit is systematically reviewed. By employing case induction and scenario deduction methods, five major categories of integration scenarios are extracted, including UAV （unmanned aerial vehicle） inspection, air-rail intermodal logistics, three-dimensional fire rescue, and low-altitude feeder services. A three-dimensional analysis framework of 'resources–scenarios–risks' is constructed. Based on policy text analysis and the AHP （analytic hierarchy process）, core risks such as economic models and institutional synergy are identified, and a quantitative risk assessment system comprising 4 criterion layers and 8 indicator layers is established.

Result & Conclusion  The research results indicate that urban rail transit possesses significant 'infrastructure foundation' advantages across four dimensions: spatial networks, passenger and logistics flows, infrastructure, and management experience, which can effectively support the implementation of the low-altitude economy. Typical application scenarios have preliminarily verified its technical feasibility and economic value. The risk assessment results show that the infrastructure investment payback period, the airspace openness index, and unit operating cost competitiveness are the three highest-weight risk dimensions in integrated development. The integration of low-altitude economy and urban rail transit is a systematic engineering involving urban spatial resource reconstruction, transportation system upgrading, and business model innovation. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen policy synergy, accelerate technological breakthroughs, promote scenario demonstrations, and explore sustainable business models, thereby injecting new momentum into high-quality development of cities.