Abstract: The reason of cracks in imported JURID J2338 composite brake shoe used in an A-Type metro vehicle is analyzed. After the brake shoe cracks, it must be replaced in time and discarded in advance, which will increase the cost of use and maintenance. If the brake shoe is not replaced in time after the crack occurs, the brake shoe may further fall off and even cause wear, which affects the safety of train operation. Through analysis of the matching relationship between brake shoe and tread, compression strength calculation and bending test of brake shoe, it is found that the main reason for cracks occurring in JURID J2338 brake shoe is local stress concentration of the brake shoe. It is recommended that after synthetic brake shoes are loaded, a small-level air brake can be used during run-in period, so that the effective contact area of the brake shoe and the tread surface can reach more than 80%, and stress concentration can be eliminated.