Layout Optimization of Smoke Exhaust System and Smoke Exhaust Volume in Vehicle Base

Objective Due to the special building structure, it is difficult to open natural smoke exhaust outlets in covered vehicle bases. When a fire occurs, mechanical smoke exhaust is the most direct and effective way to control the smoke, so it is necessary to optimize the layout of the vehicle base mechanical smoke exhaust system to improve the smoke exhaust efficiency. Method The orthogonal test method is employed to determine the experimental design. The influence of the exhaust vent height, exhaust pipe spacing, and exhaust port spacing on the vehicle base exhaust effect under a fixed exhaust volume is studied through numerical simulation software; at the same time, the influence of different exhaust volumes on the vehicle base exhaust effect is analyzed under the optimal layout plan to obtain the reasonable exhaust volume of the vehicle base exhaust system. Result ＆ Conclusion Using smoke exhaust efficiency as the assessment criterion, the influence of different smoke exhaust system layout parameters on the vehicle base smoke exhaust effect is in the following order from large to small: smoke vent height, smoke vents spacing, smoke exhaust pipes spacing. The optimal layout scheme of the vehicle base mechanical smoke exhaust system is: smoke vent height is 0.4 m, smoke vent spacing is 4.5 m, and smoke exhaust pipes spacing is 6 m; when the vehicle base smoke exhaust volume is 41.35 m³/s, the smoke is controlled within a certain range of the depot area. At this time, the change in smoke exhaust efficiency reaches the maximum value. If the smoke exhaust volume continues to increase, the improvement of smoke exhaust effect is not significant. When calculating the theoretical smoke exhaust volume, the applicable height value from the vehicle base fuel surface to the smoke layer bottom is 0.6 times the clear height of the vehicle base space.