Objective Provisions related to emergency evacuation in urban rail transit is scattered across different standards. Differences among these standards in key indicators such as evacuation time, evacuation routes, and safety zones lead to inconsistent interpretation and implementation by design units, construction units, and operation units, which seriously affects the efficiency and safety of emergency evacuation. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a systematic discussion on emergency evacuation standards for urban rail transit industry.
Method By comparing and analyzing the differences in technical requirements among various emergency evacuation-related standards, including evacuation time, passageway configuration, and lighting indication, the relationships among various emergency evacuation indicators such as evacuation time, evacuation routes, safe zones, and population density are organized from multiple perspectives. A comparative analysis of key indicators, including evacuation time standards, evacuation passageway and emergency exit standards, evacuation route configuration standards, and safe zone defining standards, as well as the diverse provisions on operational management requirements, and the evolution of standards for emergency lighting and evacuation indication systems is conducted, thereby identifying conflicts among these indicators. The underlying causes of mismatched indicators are investigated and, based on actual operational needs of rail transit, recommendations for resolving conflicts among multiple standards are put forward.
Result & Conclusion Differences in emergency evacuation standards in the urban rail transit industry mainly stem from divergent perspectives caused by differences in standard-setting mechanisms, as well as the lack of synchronization between technological advancement and standard updates. During the early stages of engineering design, design units should organize professional technical teams to comprehensively and systematically integrate and analyze relevant standards, and determine reasonable design standards based on actual project conditions. During the design process, when inconsistencies arise among different standard requirements, design units should optimize design schemes to balance the demands of multiple standards. Operating units should, in accordance with industry standards and in combination with the characteristics and actual conditions of their operating lines, develop a unified, detailed, and highly operable emergency evacuation procedure, and establish a mechanism for regularly assessing and adjusting the implementation of standards. Industry regulatory authorities should establish a dynamic updating mechanism for emergency evacuation standards in urban rail transit and encourage the active participation of all parties involved in urban rail transit construction, operation, and scientific research in the improvement of these standards.
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