浅埋暗挖全断面砂层隧道超前注浆加固技术研究
何秋敏1周冬辉2魏琪2
Study on the Pre-grouting Reinforcement Technology of Shallow-buried Underground-excavated Full-section Sand Tunnel
HE QiuminZHOU DonghuiWEI Qi
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作者信息:1.1. 西安有恒房地产开发有限公司，710016，西安；
2.2. 西安市轨道交通集团有限公司，710018，西安
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Affiliation:Xi′an Youheng Real Estate Development Co., Ltd., 710016, Xi′an, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2022.09.033
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中图分类号/CLCN:U455.4；U472.6
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栏目/Col:施工技术
摘要:
针对浅埋全断面砂层隧道开挖过程中遇到的拱顶塌方、地表沉陷等问题，以西安某地铁隧道工程为例，进行超前注浆加固技术研究。通过室内试验，对注浆浆液配比进行研究。研究结果表明，当水、磷酸、水玻璃的体积比为13.001.003.30时，浆液胶凝时间短、渗透效果好，且加固砂体后的无侧限抗压强度和直接剪切强度均达到工程应用标准。采用FLAC3D模拟软件，对注浆加固后隧道围岩及地表的破坏形态及机理进行了研究。研究结果表明：注浆加固后，地表沉降最大值为1.2 mm，比未注浆工况减小了80.0%~95.0%；隧道拱顶沉降为6.0 mm，比未注浆工况减小了49.6%；注浆加固可有效抑制隧道拱部围岩塑性区的形成和发展，大幅减小拱顶沉降达到稳定状态的开挖距离。研究成果已成功应用于该地铁隧道工程，且未发生显著砂层滑塌现象，土体稳定性良好，地层成拱效果较好。
Abstracts:
Aiming at the problems of vault collapse and surface subsidence during the excavation of shallow-buried full-section sand tunnel, taking certain metro tunnel project in Xi′an as an example, the pre-grouting reinforcement technology is studied. Through laboratory tests, the grouting slurry ratio is studied. Results show that when the volume ratio of water, phosphoric acid, water glass is 13.001.003.30, the slurry has short cementing time and good permeability, and the unconfined compressive strength and direct shear strength after sand reinforcement meet the engineering application standards. The failure mode and mechanism of surrounding rock and surface of tunnel after grouting reinforcement is studied by FLAC3D simulation software. Results show that the maximum ground settlement is 1.2 mm after grouting reinforcement, which is 80.0%~95.0% less than that without grouting. The settlement of tunnel vault is 6.0 mm, which is 49.6% less than that without grouting. Grouting reinforcement can effectively inhibit the formation and development of plastic zone of tunnel arch surrounding rock, and greatly reduce the excavation distance of vault settlement reaching a stable state. The research results have been successfully applied to metro tunnel project, and there is no obvious collapse of the indigenous sand layer. The soil stability is good, and the formation arching effect is good.
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