上海城市轨道交通旅行速度影响因素分析及对策
胡康琼
Analysis of Shanghai Urban Rail Transit Travel Speed Influencing Factors and Countermeasures
HU Kangqiong
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作者信息:上海申通地铁集团有限公司，201103，上海
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Affiliation:Shanghai Shentong Metro Group Co., Ltd., 201103, Shanghai, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2023.05.017
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中图分类号/CLCN:U292.4+3
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
目前，上海城市轨道交通中有近80%线路的实际旅行速度低于设计旅行速度，为了进一步提升上海城市轨道交通的运营效率，从旅行速度设计流程的角度出发，研究分析旅行速度的成因，以及在各阶段中影响旅行速度的主要因素。结果表明，影响旅行速度的因素主要有列车最高运行速度、平均站间距、限速曲线段数量、列车运行自动化等级和开关门时间等。以上海轨道交通12号线为例，采用控制变量法对各类影响旅行速度的因素进行计算分析，研究其对旅行速度的影响程度与主次关系。结果表明，按影响程度排序，5个因素的影响重要程度依次为平均站间距、列车最高运行速度、列车门与站台门的自动化程度、列车运行自动化等级和限速曲线段数量。基于上述研究结果，提出旅行速度优化策略：① 在线路设计阶段，线路应尽量使曲线半径、缓和曲线长度与行车速度相匹配，列车最高运行速度与平均站间距相匹配；采用全自动驾驶线路可以大幅度减少司机人为工作量，以有效降低停站时间中的司机操作时间。② 在线路运营阶段，应将司机作业标准化，缩小实际停站时间与设计停站时间之间的差距，以提升线路旅行速度的综合整体效能。
Abstracts:
Currently, nearly 80% of Shanghai urban rail transit lines are operating at the speed lower than the design. To further improve the operation efficiency of Shanghai urban rail transit, from the angle of travel speed design process, how the travel speed is established and the main factors that affect speed at each stage are analyzed. Results show that the main factors influencing travel speed include train maximum operational speed, average station spacing, number of speed-limit curves, train operation automation grade and door switch time. Taking Shanghai Rail Transit Line 12 as an example, control variate method is adopted to calculate and analyze various types of travel speed influencing factors for the study of their influencing degree, and the primary and secondary relation. Results show that, ranking by influencing degree, five factors from high to low are average station spacing, train maximum operational speed, automation degree of train door and platform door, train operation automation grade and number of speed-limit curves. Based on the research results, travel speed optimization strategy is proposed: (1) at line design stage, line curve radius and curve transition length should match with train operating speed, and the maximum operational speed should match with average station spacing; adopting FAO (fully automatic operation) to reduce the drivers′ manual workload so that the driver′s operation time during stop could be effectively reduced. (2) at line operation stage, the driver operations should be standardized, so that the gap between the actual station dwell time and the design is narrowed, and the overall efficiency of line travel speed will be improved.
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