城市轨道交通车辆基地TOD上盖物业开发消防设计
刘卫洲
TOD Overhead Property Development Fire Protection Design for Urban Rail Transit Vehicle Base
LIU Weizhou
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作者信息:中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司，710043，西安
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Affiliation:China Railway First Survey & Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., 710043, Xi’an, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2023.06.038
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中图分类号/CLCN:U279.1
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栏目/Col:应用技术
摘要:
ＴＯＤ(公交引导发展)上盖物业开发是当前车辆基地最重要的一种建设模式，目前我国尚无针对此类建筑消防设计的相关规范，需要对ＴＯＤ上盖物业开发消防设计进行研究。以广州槎头车辆段ＴＯＤ上盖物业开发消防设计项目为研究对象，对盖下车辆基地消防车道设计、防火分隔、建筑耐火等级、火灾危险性类别、安全疏散设计及上盖物业开发消防设计标准等方面进行分析。结果表明：车辆基地与上盖物业开发之间采用耐火极限不低于3 h的防火分隔楼板，形成二个独立空间，盖上汽车库、民用建筑分别执行相应规范，以满足消防要求；盖下车辆基地消防车道上方开设不小于消防车道地面面积25%的自然排烟口，同时在消防车道和库区之间设置深度不小于空间净高30%的挡烟垂壁，保证盖下消防车道的消防安全和人员的安全疏散要求；盖下建筑火灾危险性类别应不超过丁类，盖下建筑耐火等级相较普通建筑提高一级，按照一级进行设计。
Abstracts:
TOD (transit-oriented development) overhead property development is the most important construction mode for vehicle base currently, and no relevant regulations for the fire protection design of such buildings are available in China. so research on TOD overhead property development fire protection design is needed. Taking the fire protection design project of Guangzhou Chatou Vehicle Depot TOD overhead property as the research object, the fire lane design, fireproof partition, building fire resistance rating, fire hazard category, safety evacuation design and fire protection design standards for overhead property development are analyzed. The results show that fireproof partition with fire resistance limit of no less than 3 hours should be adopted as the floor between the vehicle depot and the overhead property, forming two independent areas that comply with relevant fire protection regulations for automotive garages and civil buildings, to meet the fire protection requirements; natural smoke exhaust vents should be installed on top of vehicle depot fire lane with an area no less than 25% of the lane, and a smoke barrier wall with vertical depth no less than 30% of the space net height between the fire lane and the garage area to ensure fire safety and personnel evacuation requirements for the vehicle depot fire lane; the fire hazard category of the covered depot should not exceed Class D, but the fire resistance rating of it should be one level higher than that of ordinary buildings, and the design should be carried out accordingly.
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