成都地铁7号线轨道不平顺谱特征分析
陈辉万壮
Characteristic Analysis of Chengdu Metro Line 7 Track Irregularity Spectrum
CHEN HuiWAN Zhuang
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作者信息:成都地铁运营有限公司， 610081， 成都
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Affiliation:Chengdu Metro Operation Co., Ltd., 610081, Chengdu, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2023.07.001
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中图分类号/CLCN:U213.2+13
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栏目/Col:学术专论
摘要:
目的：为了对列车运行的平稳性、安全性、舒适性以及环境振动噪声进行更好的控制，亟需展开针对成都地铁线路进行轨道不平顺谱的分析研究。方法：采用轨检车对成都地铁7号线轨道弹性变形和永久变形的叠加状态进行动态检测，测试项目主要包括左右轨的高低不平顺、轨向不平顺、水平不平顺及轨距不平顺等。然后采用目前最常用的功率谱密度估计方法——Welch法(改进的周期图法)进行功率谱密度计算，得到统计期内被测轨道的长波高低不平顺谱、轨向不平顺谱、轨距不平顺谱及水平不平顺谱，并对计算结果进行分析，总结出成都地铁7号线轨道不平顺谱的频率特性，并与国内外典型轨道谱进行对比。基于非线性最小二乘法，采用中国三大干线谱公式对成都地铁7号线轨道谱进行曲线拟合。结果及结论：轨道板板缝会影响轨道的长波不平顺；成都地铁7号线轨道不平顺谱均存在空间频率为0.04 m-1整数倍的窄带谱峰，该空间频率与无缝钢轨相邻2个焊缝间的线路长度吻合，焊缝不平顺已经成为了严重影响轨道状态以及列车运行的问题；成都地铁7号线轨道的平顺性优于美国、德国以及我国的普速铁路(尤其是波长大于19 m的长波频段)，但不如我国的高速铁路无砟轨道；中国三大干线谱更适用于成都地铁7号线。
Abstracts:
Objective: To better control the stability, safety, comfort, environmental vibration and noise of train operation, it is necessary to conduct analysis and research on track irregularity spectrum specifically for Chengdu Metro lines. Method: Dynamic tests are performed using a track inspection vehicle to detect the superposed state of elastic deformation and permanent deformation of Chengdu Metro Line 7 tracks. The test items mainly include vertical irregularity, lateral irregularity, horizontal irregularity, and gauge irregularity of both left and right rails. The widely used power spectral density estimation method-Welch method (improved periodogram method) is employed to calculate the power spectral densities of long-wave vertical irregularity, lateral irregularity, gauge irregularity, and horizontal irregularity of the tested tracks within the statistical period. The frequency characteristics of the track irregularity spectrum of Chengdu Metro Line 7 are summarized and compared with the typical track spectrums in China and abroad. Based on the nonlinear least squares method, the curve fitting of the track spectrum of Chengdu Metro Line 7 is carried out using the three main line spectrum formulas of China.Result & Conclusion: The track joint gaps affect the long-wave irregularity of the track; the track irregularity spectrum of Chengdu Metro Line 7 exhibits narrowed peaks at spatial frequencies that are integer multiples of 0.04 m-1; this spatial frequency corresponds to the length between two adjacent welds on continuous welded rails, indicating that the weld irregularities become a significant issue affecting the track condition and train operation; the track smoothness of Chengdu Metro Line 7 is better than that of the common speed railways in the United States, Germany and China (especially in the long-wave frequency range with wavelengths greater than 19 m), but not as good as that of the high-speed railway ballastless track in China; the three main line spectrum formulas of China are more suitable for Chengdu Metro Line 7.
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