上海轨道交通车站暗挖技术应用与探索
毕湘利王秀志吴迪
Application and Exploration of Underground Excavation Technology in Shanghai Rail Transit Stations
BI XiangliWANG XiuzhiWU Di
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作者信息:上海申通地铁集团有限公司，201103，上海
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Affiliation:Shanghai Shentong Metro Group Co., Ltd., 201103, Shanghai, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2024.08.001
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中图分类号/CLCN:U231.3
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栏目/Col:百家论坛
摘要:
［目的］上海的城市轨道交通经过多年发展，现已面临极其复杂和严苛的工程建设环境，地下车站大开挖导致的交通拥堵、房屋拆迁和管线搬迁等问题已逐渐成为社会舆论的焦点。针对地铁建设与周边环境的冲突与矛盾，上海轨道交通通过持续科技攻关和试验论证，提出了多项软土地层暗挖技术。［方法］介绍了暗挖技术的发展历史和应用现状；基于上海轨道交通建设的特点，介绍了上海轨道交通暗挖技术中顶管法、冻结法和管棚法的具体内涵及应用情况；探讨了大断面顶管法、超长特大断面管幕法、超浅埋大断面冻结法和束合管幕法等新型暗挖车站建造技术的研究和试点应用情况。［结果及结论］上海轨道交通暗挖技术主要包括盾构法、顶管法、冻结法、管棚法以及其他特殊暗挖工法，已广泛应用于地下区间工程、区间联络通道工程、车站附属结构工程以及车站局部改造工程等；新型暗挖车站建造技术能够有效应对新条件下上海轨道交通建设的特点和面临的挑战。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ With years of development, Shanghai urban rail transit is now facing an extremely complex and demanding construction environment. Issues such as traffic congestion, housing demolition, and pipeline relocation caused by large-scale open excavation of underground stations have gradually become the focal points of public concern. In response to the conflicts and contradictions between metro construction and surrounding environment, Shanghai rail transit proposes several underground excavation technologies for soft soil stratum through continuous technological breakthroughs and experimental validation. ［Method］ The development history and current application status of underground excavation technology are introduced. Based on the characteristics of Shanghai rail transit construction, the specific connotations and application scenarios of pipe jacking method, freezing method, and pipe roofing method in Shanghai rail transit underground excavation technology are introduced. Furthermore, the research and pilot applications of new underground excavation station construction technologies such as large-section pipe jacking, ultra-long and extra-large-section pipe curtain method, ultra-shallow buried large-section freezing method, and bundled pipe curtain method are explored. ［Result & Conclusion］ Shanghai rail transit underground excavation technology primarily include shield tunneling method, pipe jacking method, freezing method, pipe roofing method, and other special underground excavation methods. These techniques are widely applied in various projects such as underground interval engineering, interval connecting passage engineering, station auxiliary structure engineering, and partial station renovation engineering. New underground excavation station construction technology effectively address the unique characteristics and challenges of Shanghai rail transit construction under new conditions.
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