地铁车站站台局部区域人群密度计算方法
郭龙灿1艾宇鸣2蒲琪1
Calculation Method of Crowd Density in the Local Area of Subway Station Platform
GUO Longcan1AI Yuming2PU Qi1
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作者信息:1.同济大学交通学院，201804，上海
2.上海市市政工程建设发展有限公司，200025，上海
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Affiliation:1.College of Transportation, Tongji University, 201804, Shanghai, China
2.Shanghai Municipal Engineering Construction and Development Co., Ltd.,200025, Shanghai, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.01.004
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中图分类号/CLCN:U298.2
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栏目/Col:学术专论
摘要:
［目的］地铁车站站台人群密度计算方法是分析地铁车站站台人群聚集风险的关键。通常情况下，人群拥挤时内部密度分布不均匀，存在局部高密度区域，这也是地铁车站容易发生公共安全事故的重点区域，因此研究局部区域人群密度计算方法十分关键。［方法］通过分析站台客流集散规律，研究了各类型车站站台聚集人数随时间变化特征以及聚集人数的计算模型。基于乘客在站台屏蔽门候车区聚集特性，类比成拱现象，对聚集面积进行了修正，并结合站台聚集人数提出一种地铁车站站台局部区域人群密度计算方法。以某地铁车站为例，分析了一个列车运行间隔内站台聚集人数和行人密度的变化情况。［结果及结论］与传统平均人群密度计算方法相比，采用所提出方法计算的局部区域人群密度数值更大、变化幅度更明显，且对列车运能调整、进出站台客流变化更为敏感，能较好地体现站台负荷极值与高负荷状态持续时间所对应的极限情况。该方法在高峰期等大客流状态下应用具有较大意义。
Abstracts:
［Objective］The calculation method of crowd density is the key to analyzing the risk of crowd gathering on subway station platforms. Usually, the internal density distribution is uneven when it is crowded, and there are local high-density areas, which are also the key areas where public safety accidents are prone to occur in subway station. Therefore, it is very important to study the calculation method of crowd density in local areas. ［Method］ By analyzing the distribution law of passenger flow on the platform, the time-varying characteristics of the number of people gathered on platforms of various types of stations and the calculation model of the number of people gathered are studied. Based on the aggregation characteristics of passengers at the waiting area of the platform screen door, the aggregation area is corrected by analogy with the arching phenomenon, and a method for calculating the crowd density in the local area of the subway station platform is proposed in combination with the number of people gathered on the platform. Taking a certain subway station as an example, the changes in the number of people gathered on the platform and the pedestrian density within a train running interval are analyzed. ［Result & Conclusion］ Compared with the traditional average density calculation method, the crowd density in the local area calculated by the proposed method is larger, and the change range is more obvious. It is more sensitive to the adjustment of train capacity and the change of passenger flow in and out of the platform, which better reflects the limit situation corresponding to the platform load extreme value and the duration of the high load state. The application of this method in peak hours and other large passenger flow conditions is of great significance.
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