集中回风模式下单跨拱形地下车站公共区气流组织模拟分析
冯绕罗燕萍李苾嘉胡自林
Simulation Analysis of Air Distribution in the Public Area of Single-Span Arch-Shaped Underground Station under the Centralized Air Return Mode
FENG RaoLUO YanpingLI BijiaHU Zilin
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作者信息:广州地铁设计研究院股份有限公司，510010，广州
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Affiliation:Guangzhou Metro Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., 510010, Guangzhou, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.01.032
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中图分类号/CLCN:U231.5
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］单跨拱形地下车站因层高较高，并采用拱形顶板的特殊结构形式，对装修提出了较高要求。因此，在合理的气流组织前提下，有必要研究如何减少单跨拱形地下车站公共区的通风空调管线，为装修提供更大创新空间。［方法］以深圳某单跨拱形地下车站为例，提出了公共区采用集中回风模式，以及送风管兼排烟功能的设计思路；通过CFD（计算流体动力学）软件模拟分析在相同制冷量和相同送风温差的条件下，单送单回和集中回风两类送回风模式在单跨拱形地下车站公共区内的气流温度和速度分布规律，研究调整集中回风口位置对公共区气流组织的影响，并利用不均匀系数作为效果评价。［结果及结论］地下车站公共区采用集中回风模式，以及送风管兼排烟功能的设计可有效减少公共区的站厅风管数量约50%，截面积约40%，有效减少站台风管截面积约50%；采用公共区集中回风模式，集中回风口单独设置在站台，以及送风管兼排烟功能的布置方式，气流温度和速度分布均达到较优水平，能满足乘客的舒适度要求，可适用于单跨拱形地下车站公共区的气流组织。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Due to the relatively high floor height and the special structural form of arched top plates, the single-span arch-shaped underground station poses higher requirements for decoration. Therefore, it is necessary to study how to reduce the ventilation and air conditioning pipelines in the public areas of such underground stations on the premise of reasonable air distribution so as to provide more innovative space for decoration. ［Method］ In the case study of a single-span arch-shaped underground station in Shenzhen, ideas of adopting the centralized air return mode in the public area and the air supply duct design with smoke exhaust function are put forward. Under the conditions of the same cooling capacity and air supply temperature difference in the public area of the single-span arch-shaped underground station, the CFD (computational fluid dynamics) software is used to simulate and analyze the airflow temperature and speed distribution laws for the two air supply/return modes of single air supply/return and centralized air return. The impact of adjusting the position of the centralized air return inlet on the air distribution in the public area is also studied, and the non-uniformity coefficient is used for effect evaluation. ［Result & Conclusion］ Adopting the centralized air return mode in the public area of the underground station and designing the air supply duct with smoke exhaust function can effectively reduce about 50% of the hall air ducts, 40% of the cross-sectional area in the public area, and about 50% of the cross-sectional area of the platform air ducts. While adopting the centralized air return mode in the public area, the centralized air return inlets are separately arranged on the platform, together with the layout of air supply duct with smoke exhaust function, enabling the airflow temperature and speed distributions to reach a relatively excellent level. This centralized air return mode meets the comfort requirements of passengers, and is applicable to the air distribution in the public area of the single-span arched underground station.
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