换乘枢纽处后建基坑设计及对周边环境影响分析
孙波
Post-construction Foundation Pit Design at Interchange Hub and Impact Analysis on Surrounding Environment
SUN Bo
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作者信息:中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司，430063，武汉
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Affiliation:China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd., 430063, Wuhan, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.03.012
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中图分类号/CLCN:TV551.4+2∶U231
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栏目/Col:研究报告
摘要:
［目的］针对换乘枢纽区域后续建设的基坑开挖工程，面临周边环境高度敏感、工程边界条件复杂、施工制约因素众多及既有结构保护难度显著等技术挑战，有必要深入分析换乘枢纽处后建基坑的设计方案及其对周边环境的影响。［方法］以位于深厚粉砂地层中的某高铁与地铁换乘枢纽处的明挖地下空间工程项目为例，阐述了基坑的总体设计方案。利用有限元软件，对该基坑施工的全过程进行了三维数值模拟，评估了地下空间施工活动对周边既有结构可能产生的影响。随后，将模拟结果与现场监测数据进行对比分析，验证了设计方案的合理性，并对设计过程中的经验进行了系统总结。［结果及结论］换乘枢纽区域的基坑工程需全面考量周边环境条件、各单体建筑的平面布局与开挖深度，协调各参建单位，优先采用共建方案，以缩减临时工程量，实现多方利益最大化。TRD（渠式切割水泥土连续墙）结合内插型钢支护体系，在止水方面表现出色，适用于基坑深度适中但透水层深厚、周边环境复杂且止水要求严苛，需将止水帷幕延伸至不透水层的基坑工程。此外，换乘枢纽处的后建基坑工程应充分考虑先建各单体的保护范围，通过科学的基坑分段与开挖顺序，有效减轻对既有结构的不利影响。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ The excavation work for the subsequent foundation pit at interchange hub area faces technical challenges such as highly sensitive surrounding environments, complex project boundary conditions, numerous construction constraints, and significant difficulties in protecting existing structures. Therefore, it is essential to analyze the design plan for the subsequent foundation pit at the interchange hub and its impact on the surrounding environment in depth. ［Method］ Using an open-cut underground space engineering project of high-speed railway and metro interchange hub located in deep silty soil layers for case study, the overall design scheme of the foundation pit is introduced. Finite element software is used to perform a 3D numerical simulation of the entire construction process, evaluating the potential impact of underground space construction activities on the surrounding existing structures. The simulation results are then compared with on-site monitoring data to verify the reasonableness of the design plan and systematically summarize the experiences gained during the design process. ［Result & Conclusion］ It needs to fully consider surrounding environmental conditions for the foundation pit project in the interchange hub area, the layout of individual buildings and excavation depth, coordinate the involved construction units, and prioritize the adoption of a co-construction plan to reduce temporary engineering work and maximize the interests of all parties. TRD (trench-cutting re-mixing deep wall method)+inserted steel bracing system performs excellently in water retention, and is suitable for foundation pit projects with moderate depth, thick permeable layers, complex surrounding environments, and stringent water retention requirements, where the water curtain must extend to the impermeable layer. Furthermore, the subsequent foundation pit construction at interchange hub should be fully integrated into the protection scope of the previously constructed individual buildings. Through scientific segmentation and excavation sequencing, the adverse impact on existing structures can be effectively mitigated.
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