基于机器视觉的激光焊缝余高检测技术
李凯1何广忠1王春生1王洪潇1王丽萍2
Remaining-height Detection Technology of Laser Weld Bead based on Machine Vision
LI KaiHE GuangzhongWANG ChunshengWANG HongxiaoWANG Liping
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作者信息:1.中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司工程技术中心，130062，长春;
2.中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司质量保证部,130062,长春
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Affiliation:CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd., 130062, Changchun, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2020.02.031
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中图分类号/CLCN:U270.6+7
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栏目/Col:应用技术
摘要:
激光焊技术的应用促进了轨道车辆产品的档次提升，而在搭接接头焊接过程中，由于间隙影响会出现焊缝表面余高不足，直接影响焊缝质量。传统的表面余高测量方法无法满足检测精度及交检节拍要求。针对这一检测需求，研究开发了基于机器视觉的激光焊缝余高检测技术。该技术通过重建焊缝表面点云，进行图像校正与分析，获取特征点并计算余高。通过试验验证了该方法的可靠性及检测精度。所测余高值与破坏性金相检测方法测量余高值之间的差异对比结果表明，其检测精度优于0.05 mm，能够满足激光焊质量评估要求。
Abstracts:
The application of laser welding technology has promoted the upgrading of railway vehicle products. However in the process of lap laser welding, due to the existence of gaps, the remaining-height of weld bead is insufficient, which directly affects the welding quality. The traditional remaining-height measuring method cannot meet the requirements of the detection accuracy and the hand over deadline. Targeting this measuring demand, a laser weld remaining-height detection technology based on machine vision was developed. By reconstructing the point cloud on the weld surface, image correction and analysis was carried out to obtain the feature points and to calculate the value of remaining-height. The reliability and detection accuracy of this method was verified by experiments. The difference comparison result between remaining-height measured by this method and that by destructive metallographic method has shown that the detection accuracy of the machine vision method was better than 0.05 mm, which was sufficient to meet the requirements of laser welding quality evaluation.
引文 / Ref:
李凯，何广忠，王春生，等.基于机器视觉的激光焊缝余高检测技术[J].城市轨道交通研究，2020，23（2）：127.
LI Kai，HE Guangzhong，WANG Chunsheng，et al.Remaining-height Detection Technology of Laser Weld Bead based on Machine Vision[J].Urban mass transit，2020，23（2）：127.
LI Kai，HE Guangzhong，WANG Chunsheng，et al.Remaining-height Detection Technology of Laser Weld Bead based on Machine Vision[J].Urban mass transit，2020，23（2）：127.
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