磁浮列车超导磁体技术专利布局分析
杨姝1王树宾2杜洪军1王淑敏3
Analysis of Patent Layout for Maglev Train Superconducting Magnet Technology
YANG Shu1WANG Shubin2DU Hongjun1WANG Shumin3
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作者信息:1.中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司科技管理部，130062，长春
2.中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司国家轨道客车工程研究中心,130062,长春
3.北京集慧智佳知识产权管理咨询股份有限公司，100080，北京
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Affiliation:1.Science and Technology Management Department, CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd., 130062, Changchun, China
2.National Engineering Research Center of Railway Vehicles, CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd., 130062, Changchun, China
3.Iptalent Consulting Co., Ltd., 100080, Beijing, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.2025.02.002
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中图分类号/CLCN:TM26+5∶U266.4
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栏目/Col:百家论坛
摘要:
［目的］超导磁体是超导电动磁浮列车的核心，日本、德国、韩国等国对超导磁体的研发已开展了很多年。为促进我国超导电动磁浮列车的进一步研发，有必要对全球范围内超导磁体专利的地域分布、专利人分布等进行研究。［方法］以2001—2022年DerwentInnovationIndex(德温特专利情报数据库)和incoPat专利数据库检索得到的专利数据为依托，对超导磁体技术相关数据进行了统计。分析了2001—2022年超导磁体专利的年申请数发展情况、超导磁体专利的地域分布情况及超导磁体专利权人拥有的专利数情况。将超导磁体技术细分为13个技术分支，进一步对各技术分支中主要国家、主要专利权人拥有的专利数进行了分析。最后对我国的机构和企业在超导磁体专利布局上提出了相关建议。［结果及结论］超导磁体技术呈现多国共发展的趋势。我国已成为了超导磁体技术专利的布局重心，但国外企业在专利数和核心技术分支(冷却系统、电流引线、磁体整体结构等)研发上仍具有一定优势。我国企业应根据国外企业的专利布局策略，针对性地制定专利布局策略。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ Superconducting magnet is the core of superconducting electric maglev trains, and countries such as Japan, Germany, and South Korea have conducted years of research and development in this area. To promote further research and development of superconducting electric maglev trains in China, it is necessary to study the global distribution of patents related to superconducting magnets, including the geographical distribution and patent holders. ［Method］ Based on patent data retrieved from the Derwent Innovation Index (2001-2022) and incoPat patent database, relevant data on superconducting magnet technology are statistically analyzed, including the annual number of patent applications from 2001 to 2022, the geographical distribution of these patents, and the number of patents held by various patent holders. Superconducting magnet technology is further divided into 13 technical subcategories, and an analysis of the main countries and leading patent holders for each subcategory is conducted. Finally, recommendations are provided for Chinese institutions and enterprises on patent layout strategies for superconducting magnets. ［Result & Conclusion］ The development of superconducting magnet technology demonstrates a trend of multi-country progression. China has already become a focal point for patent layout in superconducting magnet technology, although foreign enterprises still hold certain advantages in patent numbers and core technological subcategories (e.g., cooling systems, current leads, overall magnet structure). Chinese enterprises should develop their own strategies targeting the patent layout strategies of foreign enterprises.
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