供需平衡视角下的苏州市轨道交通客流评估诊断
金铭1施敏2李喆康2李旭2
Evaluation and Diagnosis of Suzhou Rail Transit Passenger Flow from the Perspective of Supply-Demand Balance
JIN Ming1SHI Min2LI Zhekang2LI Xu2
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作者信息:1.苏州市轨道交通集团有限公司， 215004， 苏州
2.南京市城市与交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司， 210002， 南京
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Affiliation:1.Suzhou Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd., 215004, Suzhou, China
2.Nanjing Institute of City & Transport Planning Co., Ltd., 210002, Nanjing, China
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关键词:
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Key words:
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DOI:10.16037/j.1007-869x.20245823
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中图分类号/CLCN:U293.1+3
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栏目/Col:规划与投融资
摘要:
［目的］截至2022年底，苏州市轨道交通已基本成网，但客流水平偏低，有必要开展苏州市轨道交通客流评估，剖析其发展症结，以提升客流水平。［方法］研究基于手机信令、轨道闸机数据等多源数据融合分析技术，精准把控用户全过程轨迹。鉴于传统OD（起讫点）分析的局限性，研究采用了栅格化划分法，以城市轨道交通供需平衡为视角，从城市轨道交通职住覆盖率（居住人口及就业岗位占比）和客流转化率（城市轨道交通出行占比）两个层面构建评估指标，分析苏州市轨道交通客流情况。［结果及结论］苏州市轨道交通线网与职住分布、居民出行需求的整体契合度较高，但苏州工业园区、苏州高新区、吴江区等区域存在城市轨道交通覆盖薄弱的高密度人口岗位集聚片区，需加强公交接驳服务；苏州轨道交通3号线和5号线部分站点周边的轨道交通出行占比较低，反映出用地布局和产业结构对客流吸引力的制约。
Abstracts:
［Objective］ By the end of 2022, the rail transit system in Suzhou had essentially formed a network. However, the overall passenger flow has remained relatively low, necessitating an evaluation of the passenger flow on Suzhou rail transit to identify key issues in its development and passenger flow enhancement. ［Method］ A multi-source data fusion analysis approach is utilized, incorporating mobile signaling data and rail transit gate data, to accurately control the users′ complete travel trajectories. Given the limitations of traditional OD (origin-destination) analysis, a grid-based division method is employed. From the perspective of supply-demand balance in urban rail transit, evaluation indicators are constructed from two dimensions: the residence/employment coverage rate (proportion of residential population and job positions) and the passenger flow conversion rate (proportion of urban rail transit trips). These indicators are used to analyze the passenger flow of Suzhou rail transit. ［Result & Conclusion］ Suzhou rail transit network generally aligns well with residence/employment distribution and the residents travel demand. However, certain high-density clusters of population and employment in areas such as Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou High-tech Zone, and Wujiang District exhibit weak rail transit coverage, highlighting the need to enhance bus-rail feeder services. Additionally, certain stations along Suzhou Rail Transit Line 3 and Line 5 show relatively low proportions of rail transit usage, indicating that the land-use layout and industrial structure may restrict the attractiveness to passengers.
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